Oral Care

From prevention to treatment. Article and test. Answers will be in the comments as soon as I get the chance. Print fronm the comments.
http://www.nursingcenter.com/prodev/ce_article.asp?tid=412211

1.
The middle layer of the oral mucosa is called the
a. epithelium.
b. submucosa.
c. lamina propria.
d. mucocutaneous junction.

2.
Approximately how often is the outer epithelial layer replaced?
a. every 3 to 5 days
b. every 3 to 10 days
c. every 7 to 9 days
d. every 7 to 14 days

3.
A patient who had a total of 13 points on the oral rating scale would have an oral dysfunction score rating of
a. none.
b. mild.
c. moderate.
d. severe.

4.
Which of the following is correct regarding saliva?
a. Saliva preserves the teeth’s mineral integrity.
b. Each day, the salivary glands produce about 500 ml of nonviscous saliva.
c. Saliva pH is usually 8.0 to 9.4.
d. Saliva contains small quantities of bicarbonate and potassium.

5.
Large glycoproteins in the saliva
a. remove waste products of cell metabolism.
b. remove debris and dead cells.
c. inhibit microorganism growth.
d. reduce the adhesion of microorganisms.

6.
Within how many days of intubation can a patient become colonized with bacteria that can cause pneumonia?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5

7.
Antibiotics can lead to oral problems because they
a. cause a decrease in salivary flow.
b. deplete the mouth’s normal protective flora.
c. alter the oral mucosa’s integrity and ability to regenerate.
d. cause gingival hyperplasia.

8.
Who is least likely to be troubled with oral complications?
a. cancer patients
b. children
c. elderly
d. patients with HIV disease

9.
Which of the following is correct regarding oral problems and treatment for cancer?
a. Radiation therapy at any site can affect the oral mucosa.
b. Mucositis from radiation therapy usually occurs 2 to 5 days after treatment begins.
c. Chemotherapy targets slow-growing cells.
d. Chemotherapy reduces production of the mucosa’s epithelial cells.

10.
Hyperkeratinization may be visible as
a. atrophy.
b. erythema.
c. white patchy areas.
d. blisters.

11.
Of the following drugs that cause stomatitis, which one is an antimetabolite?
a. actinomycin D
b. bleomycin
c. 5-fluorouracil
d. mitoxantrone

12.
Which of the following is correct regarding the timing of oral complications and cancer therapy?
a. BRM therapy usually results in stomatitis that appears 7 to 10 days after therapy begins.
b. Stomatitis usually ceases at the same time that BRM therapy ends.
c. Mouth infection and ulceration usually occur about 3 weeks after bone marrow transplantation.
d. Within 4 to 14 days after pretreatment for bone marrow transplantation begins, a patient may develop hyperkeratinization.

13.
Most oral infections in HIV-positive patients occur from
a. idiopathic causes from AIDS.
b. immunosuppression.
c. salivary gland enlargement.
d. xerostomia.

14.
What type of lesion is likely to be noted in a patient with Kaposi’s sarcoma?
a. vesicular or bullous lesions
b. flat bluish lesions
c. white keratotic areas
d. necrotic with a blue-black appearance

15.
Autoimmune diseases that affect the epithelium are likely to produce
a. intact or ruptured blisters.
b. lesions that have a rapid onset.
c. painless lesions.
d. white, patchy areas.

16.
How often should patients brush their teeth if they have mild problems with oral integrity?
a. every 1 to 2 hours
b. every 2 to 4 hours
c. every 4 to 6 hours
d. every 6 to 8 hours

17.
A diabetic patient’s oral mucosa is at risk for
a. ischemic ulceration.
b. xerostomia.
c. white keratotic lesions.
d. spontaneous gingival bleeding.

18.
Which of the following is correct regarding topical anesthetics?
a. Dyclonine begins working in about 30 seconds and lasts up to 15 minutes.
b. A benzocaine lozenge begins working in about 2 minutes and lasts up to 30 minutes.
c. Viscous lidocaine has been associated with cardiac and central nervous system complications.
d. Topical anesthetics shouldn’t be applied just before meals because of their effect on the gag reflex.

19.
All of the following might be provided for a patient with oral pain except
a. sucralfate suspension.
b. an opioid narcotic for severe mucositis.
c. Zilactin gel.
d. cyclophosphamide.

20.
In immunocompromised patients, most infections that accompany stomatitis are
a. bacterial from gram-negative organisms.
b. bacterial from gram-positive organisms.
c. fungal.
d. viral.

21.
Ulcers infected with Klebsiella or E. coli generally present as
a. dry, brownish warts.
b. raised, creamy nonpurulent ulcers.
c. blue-black eschar.
d. looking like white cottage cheese.

22.
Which drug would you expect to be ordered for a patient with a Candida albicans fungal infection?
a. acyclovir
b. fluconazole
c. neomycin
d. valacyclovir

23.
Instruct a patient experiencing malnutrition to
a. eat acidic and spicy foods.
b. eat high-protein and high-calorie foods.
c. eat large amounts of food supplemented with vitamins.
d. use an oral rinse of aminocaproic acid if he has thrombocytopenia.

24.
Which of the following is correct about mouth care products?
a. Hard toothbrushes are recommended for hospital care.
b. Provide an ultrasoft toothbrush to remove plaque.
c. Chewing sucralfate tablets helps minimize mucositis.
d. Lemon and glycerin swabs moisturize the oral cavity.

25.
To control bleeding in oral mucosa,
a. administer ice water irrigations.
b. apply Maalox substrate.
c. have the patient rinse with mouthwash.
d. apply Zilactin gel.

26.
Patients with oral problems should be encouraged to use
a. lemon and glycerin swabs.
b. commercial mouthwashes without alcohol.
c. sodium bicarbonate toothpaste.
d. petroleum-based moisturizers.