Orally Speaking

Here are some oral Qs from the Nursing Center CE bank. You can find the rationale and answers here:
http://www.nursingcenter.com/prodev/ce_article.asp?tid=540335
the answers are also in the comments if you are in a hurry.
1.
Involuntary, posterior movement of the tongue is characteristic of which stage of swallowing?
a. oral preparation
b. oral transit
c. pharyngeal
d. esophageal

2.
During swallowing, the passage of the food bolus stimulates sensory nerves that transmit the appropriate signals to the swallowing center in the
a. hypothalamus.
b. medulla oblongata.
c. pituitary gland.
d. cerebellum

3.
At the end stage of any chronic or terminal illness, dysphagia can develop primarily as a result of
a. deconditioning.
b. pain.
c. fatigue.
d. anxiety.

4.
Dysphagia occurs in about 40% to 60% of patients who have
a. cardiovascular disease.
b. cancer.
c. neurodegenerative disease.
d. stroke.

5.
Signs and symptoms of dysphagia include all of the following except
a. drooling.
b. shortness of breath.
c. slurred speech.
d. polyphagia.

6.
Which food is recommended to determine the effectiveness of a patient's swallow?
a. puréed meat
b. yogurt
c. crackers
d. cooked vegetables

7.
A sign of a physiologic abnormality such as a tumor is
a. difficulty in swallowing solids.
b. poor muscular control.
c. a sudden onset of dysphagia.
d. tongue fasciculation.

8.
Primary treatment for deconditioning focuses on
a. drug therapy.
b. muscle strengthening.
c. assistance with eating.
d. intravenous nutrition.

9.
Once considered a solution for feeding patients who have dementia, gastrostomy tubes have been implicated as causing
a. gastric pain.
b. worsening dementia.
c. aspiration pneumonia.
d. renal failure.

10.
Foods permitted in the "dysphagia mechanically altered" diet include
a. canned fruit.
b. tofu.
c. baked fish.
d. pasta.

11.
Postural changes to assist in bolus formation involve which action immediately after the patient takes food into the mouth?
a. tilting the head backward
b. tucking the chin
c. turning the head toward the stronger side
d. sitting back in a semireclined position

12.
Ulceration is characteristic of which stage of stomatitis?
a. stage 2
b. stage 3
c. stage 4
d. stage 5

13.
The safest and gentlest oral rinse for patients who have stomatitis is
a. normal saline.
b. sodium bicarbonate solution.
c. antiseptic mouthwash.
d. purified water.

14.
Dysgeusia refers to
a. pain with swallowing.
b. the sensation that food gets stuck in the throat.
c. oral regurgitation.
d. distortion of taste.

15.
Nasal regurgitation is an indication of
a. impaired closure of the posterior palate.
b. gastroesophageal reflux.
c. weak chew.
d. reduced oral and esophageal sensation.