Test - Turn Back the Tide of Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema

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1.
Factors that place a patient at high risk for cardiogenic pulmonary edema include
a. heart failure.
b. high altitude.
c. cerebral hemorrhage.
d. opioid overdose.

2.
In patients at high risk for pulmonary edema, a reduced ejection fraction can
a. decrease left ventricular end-diastolic pressure.
b. decrease pressure in the pulmonary vasculature.
c. increase pressure in the pulmonary vasculature.
d. increase pressure in the aorta.

3.
Which isn't a warning sign of impending pulmonary edema?
a. hypertension
b. tachycardia
c. tachypnea
d. increased SpO2

4.
Which is a compensatory mechanism for decreasing CO2?
a. tachycardia
b. hypotension
c. PVCs
d. increased urine output

5.
Respiratory distress in pulmonary edema is caused by
a. bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
b. air leaking into the pleural space.
c. sudden occlusion of the pulmonary arterial tree by a blood clot.
d. excess interstitial fluid in the alveoli.

6.
If his BP allows, place the patient in a sitting position with his legs dependent to
a. decrease lung volume.
b. increase lung capacity.
c. increase venous return to the heart.
d. decrease venous capacitance.

7.
Sublingual nitroglycerin may be given to your patient in pulmonary edema to
a. decrease afterload and increase preload.
b. decrease afterload and decrease preload.
c. increase afterload and increase preload.
d. increase afterload and decrease preload.

8.
Which medication can be given to increase myocardial contractility and CO2?
a. morphine
b. dopamine
c. furosemide
d. nitroglycerin

9.
Pharmacologic actions of morphine include
a. peripheral vasodilation.
b. increased venous return to the heart.
c. increased preload.
d. arterial vasoconstriction.

10.
Milrinone is classified as
a. a synthetic BNP.
b. an antiarrhythmic.
c. a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.
d. an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.

11.
Arterial blood gas analysis in a patient with tachypnea and early pulmonary edema generally reveals
a. respiratory alkalosis.
b. metabolic alkalosis.
c. respiratory acidosis.
d. metabolic acidosis.

12.
A plasma BNP level of 950 picograms/ml indicates that a patient's dyspnea is most likely due to
a. cardiac ischemia.
b. myocardial infarction.
c. pneumothorax.
d. heart failure

13.
Teach your patient with pulmonary edema to
a. recognize the early signs and symptoms of worsening heart failure.
b. eat a low-potassium diet if he's taking a diuretic.
c. monitor his weight weekly.
d. limit sodium intake to 4 grams/day.

14.
The recommended initial I.V. dosage of furosemide for a nonhypotensive 154-pound (70-kg) patient in cardiogenic pulmonary edema is
a. 15 to 30 mg.
b. 35 to 70 mg.
c. 75 to 100 mg.
d. 110 to 125 mg.

15.
Tell your patient to notify his primary health care provider if he gains
a. 1 pound over 2 to 3 days.
b. 1 pound over 2 weeks.
c. 3 pounds over 2 weeks.
d. 3 pounds over 2 to 3 days.