N4 - test - Alzheimer's and Dementia - Chap 58

MedSurg Book
NCLEX Examination Review Questions Chapter 58

1. Which of the following patients is most at risk for developing delirium?
A. A 50-year-old woman with cholecystitis
B. A 19-year-old man with a fractured femur
C. A 42-year-old woman having an elective hysterectomy
D. A 78-year-old man admitted to the medical unit with complications related to congestive heart failure

2. Dementia is defined as a
A. syndrome that results only in memory loss.
B. disease associated with abrupt changes in behavior.
C. disease that is always due to reduced blood flow to the brain.
D. syndrome characterized by cognitive dysfunction and loss of memory.

3. Vascular dementia is associated with
A. transient ischemic attacks.
B. bacterial or viral infection of neuronal tissue.
C. cognitive changes secondary to cerebral ischemia.
D. abrupt changes in cognitive function that are irreversible.

4. The clinical diagnosis of dementia is based on
A. brain biopsy.
B. electroencephalogram.
C. patient history and cognitive assessment.
D. CT or MRS.

5. The early stage of AD is characterized by
A. no noticeable change in behavior.
B. memory problems and mild confusion.
C. increased time spent sleeping or in bed.
D. incontinence, agitation, and wandering behavior.

6. A major goal of treatment for the patient with AD is to
A. maintain patient safety.
B. maintain or increase body weight.
C. return to a higher level of self-care.
D. enhance functional ability over time.

7. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is characterized by
A. remissions and exacerbations over many years.
B. memory impairment, muscle jerks, and blindness.
C. parkinsonian symptoms including muscle rigidity and tremors at rest.
D. increased intracranial pressure secondary to decreased CSF drainage.