N4 Review questions Chapter 62 Back probs

NCLEX Examination Review Questions Chapter 62

1. A patient with osteomyelitis is treated with surgical debridement followed by continuous irrigation of the affected bone with antibiotics. In responding to the patient who asks why oral or IV antibiotics cannot be used alone, the nurse explains that
A. the irrigation is necessary to wash out dead tissue and pus from the infected area.
B. the ischemia and bone death associated with osteomyelitis are frequently impenetrable to most blood-borne antibiotics.
C. there are no effective oral or IV antibiotics to treat S. aureus, the most common cause of osteomyelitis.
D. an irrigation can penetrate involucrum created by the infection and prevent bacterial spreading to other tissue.

2. A patient with an osteogenic sarcoma of the left femur has a nursing diagnosis of risk for injury (pathologic fracture) related to bone tissue changes. The nursing management of this patient is primarily directed toward
A. preventing pain.
B. relieving edema.
C. increasing physical mobility.
D. supporting and positioning the leg.

3. In identifying people at risk for back injuries, the nurse recognizes that the person at greatest risk for low back pain is a(n)
A. long-distance truck driver.
B. 62-year-old widow who walks daily.
C. aerobics instructor who weighs 100 lb.
D. 25-year-old nurse who works in a newborn nursery.

4. The primary nursing responsibility in caring for a patient with acute low back pain associated with severe pain and muscle spasms is
A. teaching exercises such as straight-leg raises to decrease pain.
B. positioning the patient on the abdomen with the legs extended.
C. providing pain medication to promote exercise and ambulation.
D. assisting the patient to maintain activity restrictions with a gradual increase in activity.

5. In caring for the patient after a spinal fusion, the nurse recognizes that interventions for this surgery differ from a simple laminectomy in that
A. body alignment is maintained by the fusion procedure.
B. earlier ambulation is permitted because the spine is more stabilized.
C. the donor site for the bone graft may be more painful than the spinal incision.
D. teaching regarding body mechanics and prevention of future back injuries is not as critical.

6. Before discharge from the same-day surgery unit, the nurse instructs the patient who has had a surgical correction of bilateral hallux valgus to
A.rest frequently with the feet elevated.
B. soak the feet in warm water several times a day.
C. walk primarily on the heels to relieve pressure on the toes.
D. expect the feet to be numb for several days postoperatively.

7. The nurse advises the patient with early osteoporosis to
A. lose weight.
B. stop smoking.
C. eat a high-protein diet.
D. start swimming for exercise.