N4 Test HIV

Ignatavicius & Workman: Medical-Surgical Nursing: Critical Thinking for Collaborative Care, 4th Edition

Self-Assessment Questions

Chapter 22: Interventions for Clients with HIV and Other Immunodeficiencies


1. How is a primary immunodeficiency different from a secondary immunodeficiency?

A. Secondary immunodeficiencies are not as severe as primary immunodeficiencies.
B. Secondary immunodeficiencies affect only children and primary immunodeficiencies affect children and adults.
C. Primary immunodeficiencies are congenital and secondary immunodeficiencies are acquired any time after birth.
D. Primary immunodeficiencies affect cell-mediated immune functions and secondary immunodeficiencies affect antibody-mediated immune functions.

2. How is providing care to a client with an opportunistic infection different from providing care to a client with a pathogenic infection?

A. Handwashing upon entering the room is unnecessary with an opportunistic infection.
B. The immunocompetent caregiver will not become infected with an opportunistic infection.
C. Pathogenic infections are more serious and can be fatal more often than opportunistic infections.
D. Pathogenic infections are caused by viruses and fungi, whereas opportunistic infections are only caused by bacteria.

3. Which client can accurately be said to have AIDS rather than HIV? A client who is HIV antibody:

A. negative who has pneumocystis pneumonia.
B. positive, with a CD4 count of 300 cells/mm3 and pneumocystis pneumonia.
C. positive, with a CD4 count of 350 cells/mm3 and persistent lymphadenopathy for three months.
D. positive, with a CD4 count of 300 cells/mm3 and shingles involving bilateral dermatomes.

4. Which practice completely prevents sexual transmission of HIV infection?

A. Using a latex condom with spermicide during intercourse.
B. Avoiding sexual encounters with partners of the same gender.
C. Participating in a needle exchange program for IV drug users.
D. Having mutually monogamous sex with an uninfected partner.

5. Which precaution should you teach the client who is HIV positive and CDC clinical category B3 to prevent infection with toxoplasmosis?

A. “Thoroughly cook all meat.”
B. “Avoid all foods containing yeast.”
C. “Avoid people with upper respiratory infections.”
D. “Be sure to get your flu vaccination every year.”

6. You are asked to develop a teaching plan for condom use targeted to Spanish-speaking young adults. How could this most effectively be accomplished?

A. Develop a pamphlet using pictures only.
B. Asking members of the church in the Spanish community to assist in this project.
C. Using a Spanish-English dictionary to translate an existing condom use pamphlet into Spanish.
D. Enlisting the assistance of a Spanish-speaking health care worker from the community.

7. The client with pneumocystis pneumonia has fatigue from the impaired gas exchange. Which activity could be postponed until the client’s gas exchange has improved?

A. Chest physical therapy
B. Respiratory assessments
C. Active range-of-motion exercises
D. Visits by the client’s significant other

8. The client who has HIV disease is started on a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen that includes the drug abacavir (Ziagen). What specific precaution should you teach the client about this drug regimen?

A. “Be sure to get your flu vaccination before you start this drug.”
B. “If you develop flu-like symptoms, call the clinic immediately.”
C. “Be sure to take this medication with food to prevent gastric ulcers.”
D. “If you start to notice numbness or tingling in your fingers, stop taking the drug.”

9. Which meal pattern should you suggest for the community-dwelling client who has just been diagnosed with protein-calorie malnutrition?

A. “Eat as much meat, especially organ meat, as you can manage at each meal.”
B. “Increase your fat intake along with the meat intake so you can gain weight faster.”
C. “Eat several small meals each day containing meat, eggs, or milk and increase the food amount gradually.”
D. “Do not include vegetables or fruit in your diet until you gain weight as these foods contain little protein and would not be beneficial.”

10. During administration of intravenous immune serum globulin, the client complains of back pain and nausea. What is your best first action?

A. Slow the infusion.
B. Discontinue the infusion.
C. Notify the physician.
D. Document the complaint as the only action.