N4 Test Immune Response and Inflamation

Ignatavicius & Workman: Medical-Surgical Nursing: Critical Thinking for Collaborative Care, 4th Edition

Self-Assessment Questions

Chapter 20: Concepts of Inflammation and the Immune Response


1. The client has a chronic disease in which the process of “self tolerance” is deficient. You should expect the client to demonstrate which alteration in immunologic function? The client:

A. is more susceptible to infection.
B. will not express a fever even when infection is present.
C. will not develop antibodies in response to a vaccination.
D. is at greater risk for tissue damage from autoimmune diseases.

2. Which statement comparing inflammation and infection is true?

A. Manifestations of infection always include fever and inflammation is not associated with fever.
B. Inflammation is stimulated through B lymphocyte activation and infection is stimulated through T lymphocyte activation.
C. Inflammation occurs in response to tissue injury or tissue invasion and infection is always a response to tissue invasion.
D. The duration of inflammatory responses is always much longer than the duration of infectious responses.

3. How are the actions of inflammation and the actions of cell-mediated immunity different?

A. Inflammation provides immediate but temporary protection against pathogenic microorganisms.
B. Protection provided by inflammation can be transferred from one person to another.
C. Cell-mediated actions result in fever.
D. Only T-lymphocytes can distinguish self from nonself.

4. Which of the following manifestations or processes of inflammation is caused by increased capillary permeability?

A. Increased production of leukocytes
B. Warmth or fever
C. Phagocytosis
D. Swelling

5. In reviewing a client’s laboratory report of white blood cell count with differential, all of the following results are listed. Which laboratory finding alerts you to the possibility of an acute bacterial infection? The:

A. number and percentage of macrophages are not listed.
B. total white blood cell count is 19,000/mm3.
C. neutrophils outnumber the lymphocytes.
D. monocytes are 2% of the total count.

6. What is the purpose of complement activation and fixation?

A. Stimulating cell-mediated immune responses to recognize cancer cells.
B. Allowing antibody-mediated processes to assist neutrophils and macrophages in phagocytosis of invading microorganisms.
C. Protecting the body from the continuous overreactions of immune and inflammatory responses that lead to autoimmune disease.
D. Assisting the immune system to recognize an invading microorganism on second (or later) exposure so that a more rapid response can be mounted.

7. How are antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity different?

A. Cell-mediated functions provide immediate but temporary immunity and antibody-mediated immunity is longer lasting.
B. Cell-mediated immunity is most efficient at protection against viruses and pollens, whereas antibody-mediated immunity is most efficient at protection against cancer and large microorganisms.
C. Antibody-mediated immunity involves cell products (antibodies) that attack invaders and cell-mediated immunity requires direct cell-to-cell interactions to attack invaders.
D. Antibody-mediated immunity is an independent function and cell-mediated immunity requires the interaction of inflammation and antibody-mediated immune function to be fully active.

8. The client, who has many serious health problems, has just been exposed to hepatitis B. Because this client might not survive an infection at this time, he is given human gamma globulin with a high concentration of antihepatitis antibodies. What type of immunity will result from this intervention?

A. Natural acquired active immunity
B. Artificial acquired active immunity
C. Natural acquired passive immunity
D. Artificial acquired passive immunity